THE VILLAGE OF AVNEVI IN THE FRON VALLEY IN GEORGIAN- TURKISH HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC MATERIALS
Abstract
The scientific work analyzes the historical past of the village of Avnevi in the Fron Gorge in relation to modernity, life, etymology, toponymy, migration processes, monuments of material culture, folktales, shrines and beliefs. The research is based on Georgian-Turkish historical documents, archaeological data, ethnographic and press materials. The materials we have found are also presented.
The village is located in the Shida Kartli Plain, on the left bank of the Fron River. The Tiliana River (¬Mtiliana) crosses the village in the middle and joins the Fron River in the village. The village is located between the Mimino Khevi, Kito Agharti, Zekeda, Dry Seri, Dry Ferda and Gora Seri. The village is currently occupied.
The name Avnevi comes from the word "Navnevi", which means "they inflicted pain, they hurt". Navnevi®Navnevi®Avnevi. The n was lost at the beginning of the word; the b was replaced by v at the end of the word.
Archaeological materials found in Avnevi show that the technique of making metal tools and jewelry was also quite developed. Craftsmen made artistically decorated bronze and silver jewelry. The grave inventories clearly reflect the branches of agriculture. A bronze buckle depicting a hunting scene and belonging to the 1st-2nd centuries AD is noteworthy.
The village shrines are: the Virgin Mary, St. George, Ivan the Evangelist, the seat of the idol. The Church of the Virgin Mary has a low dome in the shape of a cross. Near the southern doors, a man is carved with a cross and a leafy branch in his hand. The tradition of depicting hands on monuments of material culture is characteristic of medieval feudal Georgia. The hand symbolized strength, strength and authority. St. George was considered the strongest shrine of the village. The population celebrated a religious holiday here - Goraoba.
In the center of the village, a fortress-wall and a three-story turreted tower have been preserved. During the Leki period, the population took refuge in the fortress-wall.
The owners of Avnevi were the Palavandishvilis, Machabelis, Amerijibes and Abashidzes. The nobleman Dogladze had an estate in Avnevi.
The Ruisi Book of 1715 describes the following surnames living in the village of Avnevi: Macharadze, Nadiradze, Omanidze, Sazandari, Medinadze, Maisuradze, Begiashvili, Suliashvili, Datuashvili, Bregvadze, Sikturashvili, Kozmanashvili, Kokhajeli, Chkherelashvili, Berikashvili, Mondobilashvili, Khosiashvili, Bezhashvili, Bathkhadze. Of these surnames, the following remain in the village today: Macharadze, Maisuradze, Sikturashvili.
Vakhushti and Ioane Bagrationi do not indicate the ethnic composition of the population when describing the Froni Gorge, which means that the majority of the population of the mentioned gorge was of Georgian origin in the 18th century. This is also confirmed by the following settlements on the Dvani-Tskal and in the valleys of its tributaries: Bekmari, Sagolasheni, Aradeti, Tsveri, Breti, Dirbi, Dvani, Toliberi, Avnevi, Arkneti, Tsunari, Erkeneti, Tormaneuli, Bekmari, Ghvedreti, Nuli, Mavda, Tsorbisi, Uria, Kornisi, Rustavi, which were royal, ecclesiastical, noble and aristocratic villages.
The 1728 “Big Book of Tbilisi Province” provides us with interesting information about the demographic and economic situation and onomastics of the population of the village of Avnevi. In the production of toponyms and anthroponyms, no affixes characteristic of other linguistic groups are observed.
Georgian villages are characterized by division into districts. The village of Avnevi was also divided into districts: Tsikhis district, Kvirikaant district, Sadzagliant district, Maranaant district. The Tsikhis district was inhabited by the Tsikhis, Davitadzes, and Otaradzes.
Keywords: Froni Gorge, Avnevi, Georgian-Turkish descriptions, shrines, migration processes, population, life.
