SPECIFIC CASES OF NOMINAL SYNTAGMA IN GEORGIAN

Abstract

A nominal syntagma and syntagma, consisting of a nominal part, as a rule, form a modifier-modified construction. The structural diversity of the nominal syntagma in the Georgian language is due to the different types of components that make it up. The study showed that the nominal syntagma is represented by five main structural models.

The first type of nominal syntagma, consisting of an attributive modifier and a modified (akauri ts’q’ali - local water, chemi barati - my map, ...), is the simplest and most common model. The second type, a combination of a substantive modifier and a modified (mtats’mindis niavi - breeze of Mtatsminda, abreshumis ksovili - silk fabric,...), is also common and expresses the relations of belonging and origin. The third type represents the attributive modifier combined with a noun with a suffix (lamaz ezostan - at a beautiful yard, dzvel kalakshi - in the old town, maghal mts’vervalze - on a high peak, …). The fourth type, a compound formed by combining a noun with a suffix and a noun without a suffix (soroshi mjdom - sitting in a grove, adamianisgan mok’luli - killed by a man,...), is a more complex structural unit. The fifth type, a syntagma consisting of two nouns with suffixes (direkt’ortan molap’arak’ebaze - at negotiations with the director, ts’ignze mushaobashi - in work on a book, …), deserves special attention. It is structurally the most complex one and expresses specific semantic-syntactic relations. The last model differs from other types in that both components in it have suffixes, and the syntactic connection between them is also interesting.

This structural diversity testifies to the flexibility and expressive richness of the syntactic system of the Georgian language, which once again confirms that nominal syntagmas require detailed analysis.

Keywords: Georgian Syntax, Nominal Syntagma, Modifier-Modified Construction, Syntactic Model, Noun with Postposition.