LINGUISTIC ETHICS AND POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN 19TH-CENTURY GEORGIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE
Abstract
The paper investigates linguistic ethics and politeness strategies in 19th-century Georgian literary language. The aim of the study is to identify and analyze the linguistic means that reflect communicative behaviour, social relations, and culturally determined norms of etiquette. The relevance of the topic is обусловлена the fact that, despite the historical development of the Georgian language, politeness strategies have not yet been sufficiently studied from pragmatic and ethical perspectives, whereas linguistic etiquette represents an important aspect of the relationship between language and culture.
The research is based on a historical-pragmatic and text-based approach. The empirical material consists of samples of 19th-century Georgian prose (A. Orbeliani, G. Rcheulishvili, L. Ardaziani), which reflect linguistic behaviour characteristic of different social statuses and communicative situations. The analysis of the material revealed several functional groups of linguistic forms: euphemistic verbs, etiquette forms of address, oath and blessing formulas, as well as syntactic euphemisms. These units demonstrate that politeness strategies in Georgian are realized on different linguistic levels and are closely connected with the system of social hierarchy, cultural values, and ethical norms.
The novelty of the research lies in the fact that linguistic etiquette is examined not only at the descriptive level, but also from the perspective of its functional and pragmatic significance. The paper proposes a systematic classification of linguistic units expressing politeness, which makes it possible to outline the specific features of the historical development of linguistic ethics. The findings confirm that linguistic etiquette represents a culturally determined communicative practice that plays an important role in regulating social relations and reflects the value system of society.
Keywords: linguistic ethics; linguistic etiquette; politeness strategies; euphemism; communicative behavior; forms of address; language and culture; 19th-century Georgian language.
